The masks above are examples of electro-forming with mandrels made from candle wax and the ones below are electrotype casts. The electro-formend mandrels were made by taking wax casts from the mould and painting them with electro conductive paint. They were then attached to the negative terminal (cathode) surrounded by several copper anodes that were attached to the positive terminal (anode) suspended in a copper sulphate electrolyte. The same mould used to cast the mandrels was made electro conductive and used to electrotype more masks. The whole process takes around 24hrs. for each mask.